问题描述
我知道这个问题之前已被问过很多次了，不过对我而言，我猜它只是有点不同。
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 224G 5.2G 208G 3% /
udev 1.9G 4.0K 1.9G 1% /dev
tmpfs 777M 260K 777M 1% /run
none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
none 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /run/shm
/dev/sda2 90M 88M 0 100% /boot
/dev/sda6 1.9G 514M 1.3G 29% /tmp
我的启动分区已满。
当前内核：
# uname -r
3.2.0-35-generic
所有内核：
# dpkg --list | grep linux-image
ii linux-image-3.2.0-32-generic 3.2.0-32.51 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.2.0-34-generic 3.2.0-34.53 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-3.2.0-35-generic 3.2.0-35.55 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iF linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic 3.2.0-37.58 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iF linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic 3.2.0-38.60 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
iU linux-image-generic 3.2.0.37.45 Generic Linux kernel image
所以我想用以下方法删除3.2.0.32通用内核：
# sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0-32-generic
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-generic : Depends: linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45) but 3.2.0.38.46 is to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
没有成功。
当我尝试apt-get -f install时，它也会失败：
# apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-3.2.0-34 linux-headers-3.2.0-35 linux-headers-3.2.0-34-generic linux-headers-3.2.0-35-generic
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
linux-generic linux-image-generic
The following packages will be upgraded:
linux-generic linux-image-generic
2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 9 not upgraded.
5 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/4,334 B of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
Setting up initramfs-tools (0.99ubuntu13.1) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic (3.2.0-37.58) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-37-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-37-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic.postinst line 1010.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic (3.2.0-38.60) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
The link /initrd.img is a dangling linkto /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-37-generic
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.2.0-38-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-38-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-38-generic with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic.postinst line 1010.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-generic:
linux-image-generic depends on linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic; however:
Package linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic is not configured yet.
dpkg: error processing linux-image-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:
linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however:
Package linux-image-generic is not configured yet.
linux-generic depends on linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however:
Version of linux-headers-generic on system is 3.2.0.38.46.
dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ...
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-35-generic
gzip: stdout: No space left on device
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 gzip 1
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-35-generic with 1.
dpkg: error processing initramfs-tools (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-image-3.2.0-37-generic
linux-image-3.2.0-38-generic
linux-image-generic
linux-generic
initramfs-tools
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
真的很感激任何帮助。
更新：我做了：
sudo rm /boot/*-3.2.0-32-generic /boot/*-3.2.0-34-generic
之后，apt-get -f install出现以下问题：
root@localhost:/# apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
linux-generic
The following packages will be upgraded:
linux-generic
1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 9 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/1,722 B of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-generic:
linux-generic depends on linux-image-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however:
Version of linux-image-generic on system is 3.2.0.38.46.
linux-generic depends on linux-headers-generic (= 3.2.0.37.45); however:
Version of linux-headers-generic on system is 3.2.0.38.46.
dpkg: error processing linux-generic (--configure):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
linux-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
最佳解决思路
当内核过期时，您不能使用apt-get。
cd /boot
sudo rm *-2.6.35-6.9-generic
sudo rm *-3.16.0-23-generic
使用ls查看文件夹中的内容，删除最旧的一两个
sudo apt-get -f install
然后你将apt-get清除为中
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.2.0-32-generic linux-image-3.2.0-34-generic
或者继续使用rm。
当你被finsihed时，你也应该sudo update-grub
次佳解决思路
显然，这有效：
sudo apt-get autoremove
根据apt-get man-page：
autoremove is used to remove packages that were automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for other packages and are now no longer needed.
3.16.0-39是我试图安装的，但因为/boot已满而失败。 3.16.0-38是我目前的版本。你可以看到-38被跳过了。
server:~$ uname -r
3.16.0-38-generic
server:~$ sudo apt-get autoremove
[sudo] password for mikeb:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
linux-headers-3.16.0-30 linux-headers-3.16.0-30-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-31 linux-headers-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-33 linux-headers-3.16.0-33-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-34 linux-headers-3.16.0-34-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-36 linux-headers-3.16.0-36-generic
linux-headers-3.16.0-39 linux-headers-3.16.0-39-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic linux-image-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-33-generic linux-image-3.16.0-34-generic
linux-image-3.16.0-36-generic linux-image-3.16.0-39-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-30-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-31-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-33-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-34-generic
linux-image-extra-3.16.0-36-generic linux-image-extra-3.16.0-39-generic
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 24 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
第三种解决思路
在终端中，执行以下命令：
dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get purge
此命令列出所有当前安装的Linux内核，然后选择当前未使用的所有内核并将其删除。
第四种思路
dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge
如果在没有“sudo apt-get -y purge”的情况下运行上述命令与您的linux-libc-dev：amd64匹配，则可以在正则表达式中添加分号以不包含它：
dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ :]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs
现在只需确保它看起来不错并添加“sudo apt-get -y purge”