问题描述
偶尔，我的系统会进入某些内核缺少一两个模块的状态，因为DKMS不知何故忘记为该内核编译这些模块。如果有一个命令我可以运行woudl只是为每个已安装的内核重建每个dkms-controlled模块，而不是花时间诊断问题。有这样的命令吗？
最佳解决思路
我想出了一个shell one-liner来做到这一点：
ls /var/lib/initramfs-tools | \
sudo xargs -n1 /usr/lib/dkms/dkms_autoinstaller start
这是因为/var/lib/initramfs-tools中目录的名称正是您需要传递给dkms_autoinstaller的内核版本名称，以告诉它重建这些内核版本的所有模块。请注意，如果您已经卸载了一些旧内核，它们的目录可能仍然存在，并导致报告一些错误，但这不是问题，因为dkms_autoinstaller将对那些未安装的内核版本不执行任何操作。
次佳解决思路
看起来不像dkms命令允许您这样做。我创建了一个小的Python脚本，可以做你想要的。您可以在~/.bashrc中添加别名
alias dkms-buildall='sudo ./wherever/your/script/is'
当然，您需要先将其设为可执行文件。这是代码：
#!/bin/env python
#
# NOTE: This assumes that all modules and versions are built for at
# least one kernel. If that's not the case, adapt parsing as needed.
import os
import subprocess
# Permission check.
if os.geteuid() != 0:
print "You need to be root to run this script."
exit(1)
# Get DKMS status output.
cmd = ['dkms', 'status']
process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
dkms_status = process.communicate()[0].strip('\n').split('\n')
dkms_status = [x.split(', ') for x in dkms_status]
# Get kernel versions (probably crap).
cmd = ['ls', '/var/lib/initramfs-tools/']
# Alternative (for use with Arch Linux for example)
# cmd = ['ls', '/usr/lib/modules/']
process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
kernels = process.communicate()[0].strip('\n').split('\n')
# Parse output, 'modules' will contain all modules pointing to a set
# of versions.
modules = {}
for entry in dkms_status:
module = entry[0]
version = entry[1].split(': ')[0]
try:
modules[module].add(version)
except KeyError:
# We don't have that module, add it.
modules[module] = set([version])
# For each module, build all versions for all kernels.
for module in modules:
for version in modules[module]:
for kernel in kernels:
cmd = ['dkms', 'build', '-m', module, '-v', version, '-k', kernel]
ret = subprocess.call(cmd)
在这里测试过，似乎工作得很好：
$ dkms status
nvidia-current, 275.09.07, 3.0.0-5-generic, x86_64: installed
virtualbox, 4.0.10, 3.0.0-5-generic, x86_64: installed
$ sudo python dkms.py
...
$ dkms status
nvidia-current, 275.09.07, 3.0.0-5-generic, x86_64: installed
nvidia-current, 275.09.07, 3.0-2-generic, x86_64: built
nvidia-current, 275.09.07, 3.0-3-generic, x86_64: built
virtualbox, 4.0.10, 3.0.0-5-generic, x86_64: installed
virtualbox, 4.0.10, 3.0-2-generic, x86_64: built
virtualbox, 4.0.10, 3.0-3-generic, x86_64: built
如果您还想安装模块，请在最后一行替换build with install。
第三种解决思路
结合@htorque和@Ryan Thompson的答案，这是我的(作为根)one-liner：
dkms status | sed s/,//g | awk '{print "-m",$1,"-v",$2}' | while read line; do ls /var/lib/initramfs-tools | xargs -n 1 dkms install $line -k; done