问题描述
我在笔记本电脑的硬盘上重新安装了 Ubuntu 17.04 桌面 64 位 UEFI。
笔记本电脑：英特尔酷睿 i5-5200U、英特尔高清显卡 5500、16 GB 内存。
启动大约需要 120 秒(从按下电源开关到登录屏幕，使用 SSD 上的 Ubuntu 16.04.2 只需不到 20 秒)。
$ systemd-analyze blame
5.187s dev-sdb2.device
4.268s ModemManager.service
3.138s accounts-daemon.service
2.852s fwupd.service
2.688s grub-common.service
2.421s irqbalance.service
2.367s apport.service
2.360s gpu-manager.service
2.269s NetworkManager.service
1.641s thermald.service
1.632s polkit.service
1.567s rsyslog.service
1.336s keyboard-setup.service
1.241s lightdm.service
1.240s plymouth-quit-wait.service
1.231s speech-dispatcher.service
1.172s udisks2.service
1.159s apparmor.service
1.019s alsa-restore.service
976ms repowerd.service
957ms upower.service
900ms bluetooth.service
821ms systemd-resolved.service
792ms dev-hugepages.mount
792ms dev-mqueue.mount
789ms avahi-daemon.service
755ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
689ms [email protected]
663ms systemd-modules-load.service
638ms rtkit-daemon.service
599ms systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service
540ms systemd-rfkill.service
511ms systemd-udevd.service
505ms systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-F685\x2d7079.service
456ms systemd-machine-id-commit.service
455ms openvpn.service
444ms systemd-timesyncd.service
386ms systemd-user-sessions.service
326ms systemd-journald.service
321ms kmod-static-nodes.service
273ms systemd-logind.service
243ms colord.service
239ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
227ms wpa_supplicant.service
199ms networking.service
192ms console-setup.service
191ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
188ms pppd-dns.service
184ms systemd-hostnamed.service
171ms [email protected]
170ms systemd-localed.service
165ms setvtrgb.service
162ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
131ms dns-clean.service
101ms systemd-journal-flush.service
92ms resolvconf.service
91ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
82ms systemd-sysctl.service
79ms systemd-remount-fs.service
70ms systemd-random-seed.service
51ms ufw.service
44ms systemd-update-utmp.service
42ms boot-efi.mount
37ms snapd.socket
14ms plymouth-start.service
11ms plymouth-read-write.service
6ms snapd.autoimport.service
4ms ureadahead-stop.service
4ms dev-mapper-cryptswap1.swap
3ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
1ms swapfile.swap
有任何想法吗？
最佳思路
我像往常一样使用加密的 Home 设置 Ubuntu，按照链接中所述进行修复，引导从约 200 秒缩短到约 30 秒，这是在硬盘上。
编辑：问题是当使用加密的 home 安装 Ubuntu 时，17.04 创建一个交换文件而不是像以前版本那样的交换分区，然后安装程序会写入一个错误的配置文件。
引用原始错误报告：
\\n
In particular, ecryptfs-setup-swap puts in /etc/crypttab a line like\\n this:
\\n
cryptswap1 UID=XXXXXXXX /dev/urandom\\nswap,offset=1024,cipher=aes-xts-plain64\\n\\n
(like there were a swap partition with UID=XXXXXXXX) while with a\\n swapfile it should put the following line:
\\n
cryptswap1 /swapfile /dev/urandom\\nswap,offset=1024,cipher=aes-xts-plain64\\n\\n
If you manually change that line and reboot, you get rid of the\\n problem – before rebooting, check also that your /etc/fstab file ends\\n with:
\\n
#/swapfile none swap sw 0 0\\n/dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0\\n\\n
由于这个错误，Ubuntu 花费了很长时间等待交换。