問題描述
今天，我更新了Ubuntu server 13.04(競賽環尾)→13.10(Saucy am)。
我的Apache 2安裝已損壞。
這是我的配置：
檔案error.log
[Fri Oct 18 10:48:07.237170 2013] [:notice] [pid 8292:tid 139804677900160] FastCGI: process manager initialized (pid 8292)
[Fri Oct 18 10:48:07.241185 2013] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 8289:tid 139804677900160] AH00489: Apache/2.4.6 (Ubuntu) mod_fastcgi/mod_fastcgi-SNAP-0910052141 configured -- resuming normal operations
[Fri Oct 18 10:48:07.241652 2013] [core:notice] [pid 8289:tid 139804677900160] AH00094: Command line: '/usr/sbin/apache2'
[Fri Oct 18 10:48:28.313923 2013] [authz_core:error] [pid 8294:tid 139804573181696] [client 81.219.59.75:3536] AH01630: client denied by server configuration: /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi
檔案default.conf
#EU
<VirtualHost *:80>
#ServerName
DocumentRoot /var/www/dev_stable
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
<Directory /var/www/dev_stable>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride all
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
檔案mods-enabled/fastcgi.conf
#<IfModule mod_fastcgi.c>
# AddHandler fastcgi-script .fcgi
# FastCgiWrapper /usr/lib/apache2/suexec
# FastCgiIpcDir /var/lib/apache2/fastcgi
#</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_fastcgi.c>
AddHandler php5-fcgi .php
Action php5-fcgi /php5-fcgi
Alias /php5-fcgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi
FastCgiExternalServer /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi -socket /var/run/php5-fpm.sock -pass-header Authorization
</Ifmodule>
當我嘗試通過瀏覽器加載文件時，得到了：
site_name/TEST/
Forbidden
You don't have permission to access /php5-fcgi/TEST/index.php on this server.
我該怎麽解決？
最佳方案
我有完全一樣的問題。我在本地計算機上運行了兩個虛擬主機以進行開發。
首先，我更改了/etc/apache2/conf-available/php5-fpm.conf。我更換了每個
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
至
Require all granted
必須通過a2enconf php5-fpm啟用配置。我對虛擬主機配置進行了相同的操作，並進行了替換。
我認為出於安全原因不建議這樣做，但是隻要我將服務器用於本地目的，就可以使用它。
次佳方案
我在安裝新的Apache 2.4時遇到了這個確切的問題。經過數小時的穀歌搜索和測試，我終於發現我還必須允許訪問包含Alias指令的目標(不存在)的目錄。也就是說，這對我有用：
# File: /etc/apache2/conf-available/php5-fpm.conf
<IfModule mod_fastcgi.c>
AddHandler php5-fcgi .php
Action php5-fcgi /php5-fcgi
Alias /php5-fcgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi
FastCgiExternalServer /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi -socket /var/run/php5-fpm.sock -pass-header Authorization
# NOTE: using '/usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-cgi' here does not work,
# it doesn't exist in the filesystem!
<Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
Require all granted
</Directory>
</Ifmodule>
第三種方案
我今天遇到了類似的問題(但使用mod_wsgi)。這可能是Apache 2.2到2.4的問題。完整的更改列表可在here中找到。
對我來說，這有助於為error-log抱怨的每個路徑添加一個額外的<Directory>-條目，並用Require all granted填充該部分。
因此，您可以嘗試
<Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi>
Require all granted
Options FollowSymLinks
</Directory>
並且我不得不將配置文件從文件夾conf.d移到文件夾sites-enabled。
總而言之，這對我來說是成功的訣竅，但我不保證它也可以在您的情況下使用。
第四種方案
我最近遇到了同樣的問題。我必須從以下位置更改虛擬主機：
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName local.example.com
DocumentRoot /home/example/public
<Directory />
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
至：
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName local.example.com
DocumentRoot /home/example/public
<Directory />
Options All
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
第五種方案
在apache2.conf中，替換或刪除<目錄/> AllowOverride無要求所有拒絕的< /Directory> ;，如建議的Jan Czarny。
例如：
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
#Require all denied
Require all granted
</Directory>
這在Ubuntu 14.04(Trusty Tahr)中有效。
第六種方案
您的virtualhost文件名應為mysite.com.conf，並應包含此信息
<VirtualHost *:80>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
# the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
# redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
# specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
# match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
# value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
# However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
ServerName mysite.com
ServerAlias www.mysite.com
ServerAdmin info@mysite.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/mysite
# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
# modules, e.g.
#LogLevel info ssl:warn
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
<Directory "/var/www/mysite">
Options All
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
# For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
# enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
# include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
# following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
# after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
#Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
</VirtualHost>
# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet
第七種方案
我不認為在此指令中將“需要全部拒絕”替換為“需要全部授予”：
<Directory>
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
#Require all denied
Require all granted
</Directory>
由Jan Czarny建議並由user3801675取代是解決此問題的最安全方法。
根據Apache配置文件，該行拒絕訪問服務器的整個文件係統。替換它可能確實允許訪問您的虛擬主機文件夾，但代價是也允許訪問您的整個計算機！
Gev Balyan的方法似乎是這裏最安全的方法。這是今天早上設置新Apache服務器後困擾我的“訪問被拒絕問題”的答案。